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Vliv dostupnosti živin na mykorhizní symbiózu lučních rostlin
PECKOVÁ, Tereza
Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis occurs in most of the vascular plants. One of the factors influencing expression of a symbiosis is the availability of nutrients in soil. This thesis explores how different levels of phosphorus and nitrogen affect the colonisation and community of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and fine root endophytes (FE) in monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. Increased phosphorus availability resulted in lower AMF and FE colonisation, especially in monocotyledonous plants. Nitrogen addition to soil resulted in greater FE colonisation and dominance of a single taxon in the AMF community. The lowest levels of colonisation and the greatest taxonomic diversity were found in plants fertilised with both nutrients.
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Combined mocrobial treatmens in hydroponic cultivation of tomato and cucumber the effect on yield parameters and antioxidant contens in fruits
Pikorová, Markéta ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Látr, Aleš (referee)
Some microorganisms are known to form mutualistic symbiosis with plant roots and by their impact they can improve some plant parameters. These symbiotic microorganisms, which are able to improve some plant parameters, include especially mycorrhizal fungi, plant growth promoting bacteria and some saprotrophic mycoparasitical fungi. Mechanisms of changes of these parameters, as influenced by symbiotic microorganisms, are known only in part and nowadays are being actively researched. Aims of this work were to find out if selected microbial treatments influence selected growth, physiological and yield parameters of plants and contents of selected substances in fruits. Within this work were made three pot greenhouse experiments (experiments 1, 2 and 3) and three pilot greenhouse experiments (experiments 4, 5 and 6), performed on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plants. Plants were grown in hydroponics using a carrier of rockwool and they were watered by nutrient solution. As microbial treatments for plants in experiments have been used a mixture of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM), mixture of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB), saprotrophic mycoparasitical fungus Trichoderma harzianum (Th) and various mutual combinations of these treatments. There have been observed...
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Identification of membrane transporters involved in carbon flux in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis
Konečný, Jan ; Kohout, Petr (referee)
Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis is one of the oldest and still most common interactions. This relationship between small soil fungi and plant roots, especially herbs, is the subject of research with, among other things, a promising use in sustainable agriculture. However, intensive research is also taking place at the cellular and molecular level, as the exact mechanisms of functioning of this symbiosis are still shrouded in mystery. Understanding these processes is desirable not only in the boom of genetic engineering. A commonly used model organism for the research of plant symbioses is a smaller legume of the genus medick - Medicago truncatula. Using a microarray for all known M. truncatula genes and by comparing mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants, the author identified several genes that could participate in symbiosis and he wrote a thesis from these results. In a follow-up experiment with an intervention in plant physiology, the authors of the article (Konečný et al., 2019) point to the probable involvement of some previously unreported genes in symbiosis, but also to different modes of regulation in genes whose probable symbiotic function is already published. This rigorous thesis focuses on the introduction of the first-author publication, a closer explanation of the experiment, which is not...
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Effect of plant invasions on arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis
Cihlářová, Lucie ; Kohout, Petr (advisor) ; Štajerová, Kateřina (referee)
People have been travelling for centuries, together with accompanying animals and plants from their fatherlands. This transfer can be either conscious or accidental. In both cases, the introduced species enter new interactions with local organisms which can lead even to a change of functioning of whole ecosystems. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis is one of the most important and widespread symbiotic relationships of vascular plants and soil fungi, known from approximately 80 % terrestrial plant families. The symbiosis han an irreplaceable role for host plants in uptake of mineral nutrients. An introduction of invasive plants to non-native biotopes can have a significant influence on the fragile balance between the symbionts, which can subsequently influence whole ecosystem. This Bachelor's thesis is focused on the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, the characteristic of plant invasions and its influence on AM fungi in invaded areas.
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Combined mocrobial treatmens in hydroponic cultivation of tomato and cucumber the effect on yield parameters and antioxidant contens in fruits
Pikorová, Markéta ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Látr, Aleš (referee)
Some microorganisms are known to form mutualistic symbiosis with plant roots and by their impact they can improve some plant parameters. These symbiotic microorganisms, which are able to improve some plant parameters, include especially mycorrhizal fungi, plant growth promoting bacteria and some saprotrophic mycoparasitical fungi. Mechanisms of changes of these parameters, as influenced by symbiotic microorganisms, are known only in part and nowadays are being actively researched. Aims of this work were to find out if selected microbial treatments influence selected growth, physiological and yield parameters of plants and contents of selected substances in fruits. Within this work were made three pot greenhouse experiments (experiments 1, 2 and 3) and three pilot greenhouse experiments (experiments 4, 5 and 6), performed on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plants. Plants were grown in hydroponics using a carrier of rockwool and they were watered by nutrient solution. As microbial treatments for plants in experiments have been used a mixture of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM), mixture of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB), saprotrophic mycoparasitical fungus Trichoderma harzianum (Th) and various mutual combinations of these treatments. There have been observed...
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